This study addresses how news organisations stay economically sustainable by examining challenges caused by the development of AI in the creation of manipulated (audio-)visual content. With the help of a literature review, this study analyses the challenges that journalism and news organisations face due to the creation of deepfakes.

 We identify current trends as well as opportunities and risks posed by deepfakes that are relevant for news organisations. Despite challenges such as declining trust in media and institutions due to deepfakes, there are several opportunities that could help news organisations to stay sustainable in the future. Based on the state of the art, we derive challenges for journalism and news organisations that can serve as a basis for the development of policies in practice. Therefore, results are systematized in the form of a "challenge model of deepfake impact".